Apparatus for uniting metals.



No. 878,869. PATE NTED PEB.11, 1908.

W; H. COLE. APPARATUS FOR UNITING METALSV APPLICATION FILED M Y 1 06. n

- A 6 9 4SHEETS-SHBET 1.

Nb.8'7 8,869. I PATENTED' 1 33.11, 1908.

A w. H. COLE.

APPARATUS FOR UNITING METALS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1 05.

' 6 9 4SHBETS-SHEBT 3.

PATENTED FEB. 11, 1908:

W. H. COLE. A APPARATUS FOR'UNITIN ED MAY G METALS.

H a. Q J.

m Mg? WAA UNITED STATESPATENT OFFICE; 1

WILLIAM HOWARD COLE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO ELOC COMPANY, OF

. NEW YORK, N. Y. i

APPARATUS FOR UNITING METALS.

To all it may concern:

Be it, known that 1, WILLIAM HOWARD COLE, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of the borough of Brooklyn, city and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for Uniting Metals, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relatesto an improved apparatus for uniting metals, and more particularly for uniting metals of different melting points, and is a division of a prior a plication filed by'me December 6, 1904, rial No. 235,707. I

. .In the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference characters refer to corresponding parts, I have illustrated a preferred In these drawings Figure 1 illustrates invertical crossesection an apparatus of one form which may be used in carrving out my invention for the purpose of welding a copper bond to one flange of ,a rail section; Fig. 2 isa horizontal cross-section partly in plan taken on the line 2-2 of 1. "Fig.

the same view as: Fig. 1*, showing a prommately one form "of result which will duced after my process is completed and before the removal of the apparatus used therewith; Fig. 4 is the same view as Fig.2, illus? trating the same conditions illustrated in Fig. i

3 Fig. 5 shows the same general type of apparatus applied for the 'joining of a metal plate and a metal rod; Fig. Gi e a cross-sectional view corresponding to Fig. 1,; but illus tratinga modification; and Fig. '7 1s a cross section of the insert illustratedin Fig. 6.

Referring to these drawln gs (Figs. 1 to 4), 5 designates the web of a rail section, .6 the top ortread of the same, and 7 the flanges thereof.

13 designates what may be called a. bond I which, of course,

may be of an? form, but which is shown as in the form 0 a rod.. As

Specification of Intters latent. Original application filed December 6. 190:4. Serial No. 236.707. Divided and this application filed May 6 1906. Serial No. 259.101.

pro-

Patented Feb. 1 1, 1908.

shown (Fig. 1) this metal rod 13' has its inner end'13 resting upon and in direct contact with the upper surface of one of the flanges 7. 8' designates a mold of refractorymaterial having a mold chamber 12. As shown, this mold chamber is provided with a ta ering or conical portion 12. As shown in igs. 1 to 5, inclusive, this taperin portion 12 is secured by making the mo (1 substantially integral throughout, and leaving a mold chamber of such a configuration. On the other hand, the mold may be formed to leave a mold chamber of any desired shape, such'as the chamber 12, shown in Fig. 6. In this case aninsert 12 may be provided and made removable. When this 1s done the insert will preferably be of such a form as when laced in ,the mold chamber to form a ta erlng portion 12 therein. course, be provided with suitable orifices permittin the insertion'into the mold-chamber thereo of'the metal pieces to be welded together. Obviously, this maybe accomplished in any well known manner. The mold cham ber is, furthermore, rovided with an opening 9,connectinig wit a passage 9 having an I open top for the admissionof any suitable fusing agent. i

The mold wil of In the speclfic construction illustrated, I

have shown a crucible or crucible chamber 9 arran ed in the u er portion of the mpld, and a ove the moid chamber. The'crucible may, however, be 'a' separate part. When arranged in the upper portion of the mold, 1t. will preferably be separated from the mold chamber by a plu ordisk 9 which maybe y "the heat of the fus1ng.

fused or tapped agent, or may be tapped manually.

, Preferabl a refractory material 9, such as ground s a will be superimposed on the plug 9 tem orarily to. prevent anyfusingor tapping of t e plug due to any reactlon 1n the crucible.

A vent 11 will preferably be arranged at or near the small end-of the tapering portion of the mold chamber in either construction.

Another vent 10 will preferably be arranged leading to the atmosphere from any suitable point of the mold chamber 12. Also another vent 16, as shown in Fig. 6, may be arranged. V The 0 eration of my apparatus is as follows: en a fusing agent havin sufficient temperature to melt the pieces 0 metal arranged in the mold chamber is admitted .to the said chamber, a large portion of the heat units thereof will obviously be taken up by those portions of the metals which are in the as the area of the tapering portion of the'mold I chamber decreases the eflective heat units of the agent would gradually decrease. For example, in the constructions illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4,inclusive, the heat units of the agent which will be effective on the lower portion of the web and on the flange of the steel rail will very largely exceed those which will be effective upon the copper bond 13, even'at the commencement of the tapering portion 12 of the mold chamber. Furthermore, as the tapering portion 12 gradually decreases in area towards the outer end of the cop or bond the heating effect of the agent will a so be decreased.

I believe that it is broadly new to provide in a mold,chamber any means whatsoever for regulating the' effective heat units throughout a portion thereof substantially to correspond with the melting point of a piece of metal placed or arranged therein.

For the sake of clearness, I will now describe one process'which may be carried out in this apparatus for the purpose of uniting metals. A mixture of an oxygen containing metal and aluminium is to be laced in the crucible and ignited. This wi cause a comparatively violent reaction, which were it not-for the refractory material 9 mi ht immediately melt or tap the closing p lug;- 9 The intervention of this refractory material, if properly selected, will prevent the immediate fusing of this plug, which will take sufficient time, first .to allow the molten metal resulting from the reaction to sink to the bottom of the crucible, whereas the lighter alumina slag will rise to the top; and, second, will permit of the discharge of at least a large proportion of the gases created by the reaction. So soon as theplug is fused,

either by the continuing heat of the reaction and the molten meta or manually, the

heavier molten metal will then flow doWn-' .ing portion 12 or 12 of the mold chamber 12. This will result in the majorit of the heat units being applied to the rai section at the innermost end of the cop er bond, and then being gradually decrease through the tapering portion of ,the mold chamber and along the remaining portion of the-copper bond. Obviously, it is desirable to have the connecting passage intermediate the crucible and the mold chamber arrangedto empty into the main portion of the latter.

'In Fig. 5 I have shown a modified arranges7s,see I ment from that shown in the other figures,

for the purpose of adapting the'mold to join a copper rod 13 to a steel plate 15, instead of to a rail as in the other figures. After the mold chamber has become filled with the moltenmetal there still remains a portion of the fusing agent in the crucible, as indicated by 14 in Fig. 3. This residue will be princi ally slag and the crucible and mold cham er are so roportioned that the latter cannot receive al the fusing agent from the former.

, What I claim is:

1. In an apparatus for uniting metals of different meltlng points, a mold having a mold chamber adapted to receive within it ortions of the metals to be united and an inlet for the admission of a fusing agent to with a mold chamber to receive Within it portions of themetals to be united, said chamber havinga tapering portion for receiving the metal having the lower melting point. 3. In an apparatus for uniting metals, a mold comprismg a crucible, a mold chamber,

a passage connecting said crucible and said mold chamber, a plu for temporarily closing said passage, an a refractory material arran ed over said plug to temporarily protect t e same.

4. In an'a paratusfor uniting metals of different me ting points, a mold provided with a mold chamber to. receive within it portions of the metals to be united, said chamber having a taperingl portion for receiving the metal having t point, and a vent leading from the smallest end of said tapering portion.

5. In an ap aratus for uniting metals, 'a'

crucible, a mo (1 chamber comprising a main portion and a taperin portion, a passa e connecting said cruci 1e and said mo (1 chamber outside the tapering portion of the e lower melting latter, and said tapering ortion havinga vent leading from its smal est end.

6. In an ap aratusfor uniting metals, a crucible, a mo d chamber comprising a main portion-and a tapering portion, and a pas sage connectin said crucible and'said mold chamber outsi e'the tapering portion of the latter. V In testimonywhereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses. WILLIAM HOWARD COLE. Witnesses:

F. T. STEWART, HENRY R. BAUpB. 

